Which theory states that humans are whole beings that cannot be reduced to parts?

The Theory of Science of Unitary Human Beings, developed by Martha Rogers, emphasizes that humans are complex, integrated beings who cannot be understood merely by examining individual components or systems. This theory posits that individuals are whole entities with a distinct energy field that interacts with their environment, suggesting that human experiences, behaviors, and well-being arise from the interaction of body, mind, and spirit as a unified whole.

This holistic perspective distinguishes the theory from others that may focus on specific aspects of health or reductionist views, which break down humans into smaller parts or systems. The recognition of the entire person as a dynamic entity is fundamental to the practice of nursing and directs the approach to patient care and health promotion.

In contrast, the other theories listed, while valuable in their own right, do not emphasize the indivisible nature of the human experience to the same extent. For instance, the Systems Model focuses on the interrelationship of systems, the Adaptation Model emphasizes individuals' responses to environmental changes, and the Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory centers on the patient’s ability to perform self-care activities. Each of these approaches may examine particular components or interactions but does not encapsulate the holistic view outlined in the Theory of Science of Unitary Human Be